Major Supreme Court Decisions That Shaped U.S. Legal History
The Supreme Court of the United States has delivered numerous landmark decisions that have significantly influenced U.S. law and society. These rulings address issues such as civil rights, federal vs. state authority, individual liberties, and more. Below are some of the most notable cases:
1. Marbury v. Madison (1803)
This case established the principle of judicial review, enabling the Supreme Court to nullify laws that violate the Constitution. It is a cornerstone of American constitutional law.
2. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
This landmark decision declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). It marked a significant victory for the Civil Rights Movement.
3. Roe v. Wade (1973)
This ruling protected a woman’s right to choose abortion under the right to privacy. It remains one of the most debated Supreme Court cases.
4. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
In this case, the Court ruled that suspects must be informed of their rights, such as the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney. These warnings, now known as Miranda Rights, are central to criminal justice proceedings.
5. Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)
This decision extended the right to marry to same-sex couples across the United States, making marriage equality a constitutional right and affirming LGBTQ+ rights.
Each of these cases has played a pivotal role in shaping the American legal and social landscape. Understanding these rulings is essential to grasp the evolution of legal principles and civil liberties in the United States.
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